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Agile Frameworks Explained | Scrum, Kanban, XP, FDD, DSDM, AgileUP
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Jun 27, 2025
Are you preparing for the PMP exam and confused about all the Agile frameworks? In this video, we break down six major Agile frameworks you must know: ✅ Scrum ✅ Kanban ✅ Extreme Programming (XP) ✅ Feature-Driven Development (FDD) ✅ Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) ✅ Agile Unified Process (AgileUP) Each section covers key concepts, unique characteristics, and their relevance to the PMP exam. Plus, you'll get exam-style questions with explanations to help reinforce your understanding. 🎯 Perfect for PMP exam prep and project managers who want to grasp Agile fundamentals across various frameworks. ⏩ Use the video chapters to skip directly to each framework if you're reviewing. 0:00 Intro 0:48 Scrum 6:06 Kanban 9:44 XP 13:09 FDD 16:37 DSDM 20:11 AgileUp
View Video Transcript
0:00
are you preparing for the PMP exam and
0:02
trying to make sense of all the agile
0:04
frameworks in this video we'll walk
0:06
through six major agile frameworks that
0:09
you need to know including Scrum Conbon
0:11
Extreme Programming Feature-driven
0:13
Development DSDM and Agile Unified
0:16
Process we'll explain what each one is
0:18
how it works and what makes it unique
0:20
especially in the context of the PMP
0:23
exam at the end of each framework we
0:25
will go over a practice question
0:26
together to help reinforce the learning
0:29
if you just want to review the agile
0:31
framework without the question you can
0:33
use the timeline below to skip to the
0:35
next framework make sure to watch until
0:37
the end for a clear understanding of
0:39
each framework along with key concepts
0:42
and exam function insights that can help
0:44
you feel more confident on test day
0:46
let's begin one scrum scrum is the most
0:51
widely used agile framework it's built
0:53
around short time box iterations called
0:56
sprints usually lasting between 2 to 4
0:59
weeks at the end of each sprint the team
1:01
delivers a working increment of the
1:03
product key roles in scrum include
1:06
product owner owns the product backlog
1:08
and is responsible for maximizing the
1:11
value of the product they prioritize
1:13
work items based on business value and
1:16
customer needs scrum master is a servant
1:19
leader who ensures the team understands
1:21
and applies scrum principles they remove
1:24
impediments and foster team
1:25
collaboration development team is
1:28
self-organizing and crossf functional
1:30
they select and commit to the work for
1:32
the sprint and build the deliverables
1:35
key artifacts in scrum include product
1:38
backlog this is a prioritized list of
1:42
all the work needed to improve the
1:44
product it's dynamic and evolves as the
1:46
product and business needs change it is
1:49
owned and maintained by the product
1:51
owner items may include features bugs
1:54
technical tasks or research the product
1:57
backlog is ordered by priority with high
2:00
value items at the top it's never
2:02
considered complete it's a living
2:04
document sprint backlog this is a subset
2:08
of the product backlog that the team
2:09
commits to completing during a sprint it
2:12
is owned by the development team it
2:14
includes selected backlog items and a
2:16
plan for delivering them it's flexible
2:19
during the sprint in terms of how the
2:21
work is done but the scope generally
2:24
stays stable increment this is the sum
2:27
of all completed product backlog items
2:30
during a sprint and includes the work
2:31
from all previous sprints it must meet
2:34
the team's definition of done which is a
2:36
shared understanding of what it means
2:38
for work to be complete the product
2:40
owner reviews the increment during the
2:42
sprint review to determine if it's ready
2:44
to release scrum also includes events
2:47
such as sprint planning the team
2:48
discusses what can be delivered and how
2:50
it will be achieved daily scrum is a
2:53
short daily meeting of 15 minutes to
2:55
sync up and plan the next 24 hours
2:59
sprint review is held at the end of the
3:01
sprint to inspect the increment and
3:03
adapt the product backlog sprint
3:05
retrospective typically occurs after the
3:08
sprint review when the team reflects on
3:10
the sprint and identifies improvements
3:11
for the next one for the PMP exam expect
3:15
questions about who owns which artifacts
3:18
how the team commits to the work and how
3:20
value is delivered through short
3:22
iterative cycles also know how Scrum
3:25
supports self-organization frequent
3:27
feedback and transparency let's look at
3:30
a Scrum question together a company is
3:33
developing a new mobile application
3:34
using Scrum during sprint planning the
3:37
team selects several product backlog
3:39
items but midway through the sprint a
3:41
few team members express concerns that
3:43
some selected items may not be completed
3:45
by the end of the sprint the product
3:47
owner insists that all selected items
3:50
must be completed since they were agreed
3:52
upon during sprint planning the scrum
3:55
master observes rising tension and
3:57
reminds the team of scrum values as the
4:00
project manager what is the most
4:02
appropriate response to ensure alignment
4:04
with scrum principles and support value
4:07
delivery a remind the team that the
4:09
sprint commitment means all selected
4:12
items must be delivered regardless of
4:14
unforeseen challenges b coach the
4:18
product owner that the team owns the
4:20
sprint backlog and that scope
4:21
adjustments may occur as they
4:23
self-organize around their sprint goal c
4:26
advise the team to raise a change
4:28
request to formally reduce the sprint
4:30
scope d support the product owner in
4:33
holding the team accountable for
4:34
delivering all the selected backlog
4:36
items to maintain transparency and trust
4:39
you can pause the video here if you need
4:41
more time all right let's walk through
4:43
this together the correct choice is B in
4:47
Scrum the development team owns the
4:49
sprint backlog and is empowered to
4:51
self-organize to meet the sprint goal
4:53
while the team commits to the goal
4:55
during sprint planning they do not
4:56
commit to every selected product backlog
4:59
item scrum supports adaptation
5:01
transparency and frequent inspection
5:03
which means teams can adjust within the
5:05
sprint if necessary the product owner
5:07
owns the product backlog but the sprint
5:09
backlog belongs to the team coaching the
5:12
product owner on these role boundaries
5:14
reinforces collaboration and agility
5:17
choice A is incorrect sprint planning
5:20
leads to a commitment to a sprint goal
5:22
not a guarantee that all backlog items
5:25
will be completed scrum recognizes that
5:28
work may evolve and delivery of value is
5:30
prioritized over rigid scope adherence
5:34
choice C is incorrect scrum does not
5:36
involve formal change requests for
5:38
adjusting the sprint scope the team
5:40
inspects and adapts their work through
5:42
the daily scrum and other ceremonies
5:44
enabling flexibility without
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bureaucratic overhead choice D is
5:49
incorrect holding the team strictly
5:51
accountable for all items selected in
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sprint planning overlook Scrum's
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empirical nature it may also harm
5:57
psychological safety and discourage
5:59
transparency especially when unforeseen
6:02
issues arise okay let's move on if you
6:05
are ready two conbon conbon focuses on
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visualizing workflow and limiting work
6:12
in progress to improve efficiency unlike
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scrum conbon does not use sprints
6:17
workflows continuously through stages
6:19
defined on a conbon board such as to-do
6:22
in progress and done core concepts
6:25
include work in progress limits controls
6:28
how many tasks are in progress at once
6:31
to avoid overload pull-based system the
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team members pull work based on capacity
6:36
rather than being assigned tasks delete
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time is the total time from request to
6:42
delivery cycle time is the time taken
6:45
from the start of the work to completion
6:48
throughput is the number of items
6:51
completed in a time frame conbon is
6:54
great for environments with ongoing
6:55
tasks like operations or service teams
6:59
for the PMP exam you may see conbon in
7:02
scenarios involving flow-based work
7:05
visual management or continuous delivery
7:08
be prepared to identify and explain how
7:10
metrics like lead time and work in
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progress limits are used to improve
7:15
efficiency let's look at a conbon
7:17
question together your organization is
7:20
using a conbon system to manage support
7:23
tickets for its software platform
7:25
recently stakeholders have raised
7:27
concerns that requests are taking too
7:29
long to complete upon reviewing the
7:31
conbon board you notice several tickets
7:34
sitting in the in progress column for
7:36
extended periods the team explains they
7:38
are multitasking across multiple work
7:40
items to keep everyone busy as the
7:43
project manager what is the best action
7:45
to improve flow efficiency and reduce
7:47
delivery times a encourage the team to
7:51
prioritize higher value tickets and
7:53
focus on completing those first b
7:55
increase the number of items in progress
7:58
to reduce idle time and fully utilize
8:00
team capacity c implement work in
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progress limits and review lead time
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trends to identify and remove
8:08
bottlenecks d restructure the team to
8:11
assign individuals to specific types of
8:14
tickets to streamline responsibility you
8:16
can pause the video here if you need
8:18
more time all right let's walk through
8:21
this together the correct choice is C in
8:24
conbon work in progress limits are a
8:27
core practice used to prevent
8:28
overloading the system encourage focus
8:30
and improve flow efficiency by setting
8:32
work in progress limits the team will be
8:34
forced to finish current work before
8:36
starting new items helping reduce lead
8:38
time and deliver value more quickly
8:40
monitoring leadtime trends allows for
8:42
identifying bottlenecks and making
8:43
datadriven improvements which directly
8:45
addresses the stakeholder concern choice
8:48
A is incorrect while prioritization is
8:51
important it doesn't directly address
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the root cause of delayed flow if
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multitasking continues work will still
8:58
be slow even for high priority tickets
9:01
without limiting work in progress
9:02
focusing on priority won't fix the
9:05
inefficiency choice B is incorrect this
9:08
approach worsens the problem increasing
9:11
work in progress leads to context
9:13
switching longer cues and reduced team
9:15
focus ultimately increasing lead time
9:17
and reducing throughput which is the
9:19
opposite of Conbine's intent choice D is
9:22
incorrect reassigning roles may provide
9:25
short-term clarity but does not solve
9:27
the systemic issue of too much work in
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progress conbon emphasizes teamwide
9:33
ownership of flow not rigid role
9:35
assignments and the real opportunity for
9:37
improvement lies in controlling work in
9:39
progress and monitoring flow metrics
9:42
okay let's move on if you're ready three
9:45
extreme programming extreme programming
9:48
XP is a software ccentric agile
9:51
framework that emphasizes technical
9:53
excellence rapid feedback and customer
9:55
involvement pxp practices include our
9:59
programming is when two developers work
10:01
together on the same code improving
10:03
quality and knowledge sharing testdriven
10:06
development TDD means write tests first
10:09
then build just enough code to pass the
10:11
test continuous integration the
10:14
developers integrate code frequently to
10:16
catch defects early refactoring improves
10:20
code structure without changing behavior
10:23
lastly XP emphasizes simple design and
10:26
small releases xp also encourages
10:30
on-site customer presence and working at
10:32
a sustainable pace to avoid burnout for
10:35
the PMP exam questions may focus on
10:37
agile quality practices fast feedback
10:40
cycles or how to improve team
10:42
collaboration and technical outcomes xp
10:44
is often the correct context when the
10:47
scenario emphasizes software engineering
10:49
practices let's look at an extreme
10:51
programming question together a software
10:54
development team using extreme
10:56
programming is experiencing issues with
10:58
defects being discovered late in the
11:01
iteration the team currently runs tests
11:04
at the end of the development cycle and
11:05
individual developers write and commit
11:08
code independently the project manager
11:10
wants to improve code quality feedback
11:12
speed and collaboration what is the best
11:15
recommendation to align the team with XP
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practices and improve outcomes a
11:21
introduce formal design reviews and
11:23
require signoff before coding starts b
11:27
encourage the use of pair programming
11:29
and test-driven development as standard
11:31
practices c extend iteration length to
11:35
allow for more time to test before
11:37
release d assign a dedicated QA team to
11:41
thoroughly test completed work at the
11:43
end of each iteration you can pause the
11:46
video here if you need more time all
11:49
right let's walk through this together
11:51
the correct choice is B in extreme
11:54
programming key practices like pair
11:56
programming and test-driven development
11:58
are designed to improve code quality
12:01
reduce defects and deliver fast feedback
12:03
pair programming enhances collaboration
12:06
and knowledge sharing while test-driven
12:08
development ensures that code is written
12:10
with testing in mind from the beginning
12:12
reducing late cycle bugs and promoting
12:15
cleaner design choice A is incorrect
12:18
while formal reviews may be useful in
12:20
traditional environments XP favors
12:23
lightweight continuous collaboration
12:25
over formal signoffs this choice slows
12:27
down feedback and doesn't support XP's
12:29
iterative adaptive approach to quality
12:32
choice C is incorrect extending the
12:35
iteration length contradicts the XP
12:37
principle of rapid feedback cycles xp
12:40
values short consistent iterations to
12:43
detect issues early and adapt quickly
12:46
more time to test at the end doesn't
12:48
prevent defects introduced early in the
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process choice D is incorrect xp
12:54
promotes continuous testing and shared
12:56
ownership of quality not handoffs to QA
12:59
at the end a dedicated QA team working
13:02
after development violates XP's emphasis
13:04
on collaboration automation and built-in
13:08
quality okay let's move on if you are
13:11
ready four feature-driven development
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feature-driven development FDD is a
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model-driven short iteration process
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designed for larger teams and structured
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environments fdd process includes one
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develop the overall model two build a
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feature list three plan by feature four
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design by feature five build by feature
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each feature is a small client valued
13:40
function deliverable within 2 weeks or
13:42
less fdd introduces specific roles such
13:46
as chief programmer class owners and
13:48
domain experts it blends agile values
13:52
with structured practices to maintain
13:54
control and clarity across large-scale
13:56
development effort for the PMP exam be
13:59
familiar with FDD's emphasis on domain
14:02
modeling clear role separation and its
14:05
use in larger more hierarchal teams it's
14:08
often a match for questions involving
14:10
scalability or structured agile planning
14:13
let's look at a feature-driven
14:15
development question together a large
14:17
organization is developing a complex
14:19
financial platform using agile methods
14:22
the team has adopted feature-driven
14:23
development to better handle the size
14:25
and structure of the project during a
14:27
planning session several developers
14:29
express confusion about who is
14:31
responsible for breaking down features
14:33
into smaller tasks and how modeling
14:35
should fit into their workflow the
14:36
project manager wants to reinforce
14:38
proper process alignment with FDD
14:40
principles what is the most appropriate
14:43
action to support the team and ensure
14:46
clarity of roles and planning structure
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a assign the scrum master to manage
14:51
modeling activities and delegate feature
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breakdown to the team collectively
14:56
b remind the team that the chief
14:58
programmer is responsible for feature
15:00
breakdown and coordinating development
15:01
tasks c instruct business analysts to
15:05
complete the modeling upfront before
15:07
development starts to avoid confusion d
15:11
have all developers participate equally
15:13
in modeling and feature decomposition to
15:16
encourage shared ownership you can pause
15:18
the video here if you need more time all
15:21
right let's walk through this together
15:23
the correct choice is B in
15:26
feature-driven development there is
15:28
clear role separation the chief
15:30
programmer plays a central role by
15:32
coordinating the design and planning of
15:33
features including breaking down
15:35
features into smaller development tasks
15:37
this structure helps support scalability
15:39
and clarity of responsibilities in large
15:42
hierarchical teams domain modeling is
15:44
also a key initial activity in FDD often
15:47
facilitated by domain and technical
15:49
experts choice A is incorrect the scrum
15:53
master role is not part of the FDD
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framework assigning modeling or planning
15:58
duties to a scrum master introduces
16:00
confusion
16:02
choice C is incorrect fdd emphasizes
16:05
collaborative modeling and incremental
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planning not big upfront modeling having
16:10
business analysts do all modeling
16:12
upfront violates the iterative
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feature-driven approach and reduces
16:16
developer engagement
16:18
choice D is incorrect while
16:21
collaboration is important FDD relies on
16:24
specific roles and responsibilities to
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manage complexity at scale having all
16:28
developers equally manage modeling and
16:30
decomposition may result in
16:32
inconsistency and a lack of structure
16:35
which FDD is designed to address okay
16:38
let's move on if you are ready five
16:42
dynamic systems development method
16:44
dynamic systems development method DSDM
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offers a controlled agile approach
16:50
suitable for organizations needing
16:52
strong governance it uniquely fixes time
16:56
and cost allowing scope to flex within
16:59
those constraints key practices include
17:03
Moscow prioritization is a technique
17:05
used to categorize requirements into
17:07
four levels of importance must have
17:09
should have could have and won't have
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this time time boxing is a practice
17:15
where work is delivered within fixed
17:17
duration iterations active user
17:20
involvement ensures continuous alignment
17:23
integrated testing is embedded from the
17:25
start dsdm is ideal for regulated or
17:29
contratheavy environments that still
17:31
want to benefit from agile for the PMP
17:34
exam look for questions about balancing
17:36
agile with governance prioritizing
17:38
features effectively or working under
17:40
fixed time and budget constraints let's
17:43
look at a DSDM question together a
17:46
government agency is building a
17:48
compliance reporting system under a
17:50
fixed deadline and budget the team is
17:52
using dynamic systems development method
17:54
to balance agile delivery with
17:56
organizational governance requirements
17:58
partway through development a
18:00
stakeholder requests additional features
18:02
they consider valuable the team is
18:04
concerned about maintaining the timeline
18:06
and budget as the project manager what
18:09
is the most appropriate response based
18:12
on DSDM principles a add the requested
18:15
features and extend the timeline to
18:17
ensure stakeholder satisfaction b advise
18:21
the team to rep prioritize all features
18:23
and remove any that are less critical to
18:25
accommodate the new request c confirm
18:28
whether the new features are within the
18:30
could have category and reinforce that
18:33
time and cost are fixed in DSDM d inform
18:38
the stakeholder that no changes can be
18:40
made once development has started due to
18:42
the fixed scope you can pause the video
18:45
here if you need more time all right
18:47
let's walk through this together the
18:49
correct choice is C dsdm operates under
18:52
the principle of fixed time cost and
18:54
quality while flexibility comes from
18:56
adjusting the scope features are
18:58
prioritized using the Moscow soft method
19:01
must have should have could have won't
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have when stakeholders request new
19:05
functionality the team must assess
19:07
whether the request falls into a could
19:09
have or won't have category allowing
19:12
delivery to continue without
19:14
jeopardizing commitments this approach
19:16
balances agility with governance in high
19:18
stakes environments choice A is
19:21
incorrect extending the timeline
19:23
violates the core DSDM principle that
19:25
time and cost are fixed satisfying the
19:27
stakeholder by changing these
19:29
constraints undermines predictability
19:31
and governance control choice B is
19:34
incorrect while rep prioritizing is
19:36
allowed removing existing features
19:38
without a formal review and alignment
19:40
with Moscow priorities risks omitting
19:42
must-have items the correct DSDM
19:46
approach is to assess new requests
19:48
against existing priorities not overhaul
19:51
the backlog without structured analysis
19:54
choice D is incorrect dsdm does allow
19:57
change but manages it through structured
19:59
prioritization saying no to all changes
20:02
contradicts DSDM's agile and adaptive
20:05
nature the key is to manage scope
20:07
dynamically while keeping time and cost
20:10
fixed okay let's move on if you are
20:13
ready six agile unified process agile
20:18
unified process or agile up adapts the
20:21
rational unified process to be agile
20:24
friendly it keeps a structured life
20:26
cycle but applies agile principles
20:28
throughout phases of agile up include
20:31
one inception involves defining business
20:33
case scope and feasibility two
20:37
elaboration involves identifying
20:39
architecture and risks three
20:42
construction involves developing the
20:44
product incrementally four transition
20:46
involves deploying the product and
20:48
supporting it postrelease agileup allows
20:51
for modeling and documentation but in a
20:54
lightweight approach keeping agile
20:56
values intact for the PMP exam agileup
21:00
may appear in questions about hybrid
21:02
project environments phase-based
21:04
delivery or balancing structure with
21:06
adaptability
21:08
let's look at an agileup question
21:10
together your organization is delivering
21:12
a large-scale enterprise solution using
21:14
a hybrid agile approach based on agile
21:17
unified process while working through
21:19
the construction phase one of the
21:20
executive sponsors expresses concern
21:22
about the lack of traditional
21:24
documentation and questions how quality
21:26
and governance are being ensured the
21:29
team is following agile practices but
21:31
also needs to maintain compliance with
21:32
organizational standard as the project
21:35
manager what is the best response to
21:37
address the sponsor's concerns while
21:39
remaining aligned with agile principles
21:42
a explain that agile projects do not
21:44
emphasize documentation and offer to
21:46
demonstrate working software instead b
21:50
highlight that agile up includes
21:51
structured phases and promotes just
21:53
enough documentation to support
21:55
governance and traceability c assure the
21:58
sponsor that documentation will be
22:00
created at the end of the project during
22:02
the transition phase d offer to switch
22:05
the project to a fully traditional model
22:07
to ensure alignment with stakeholder
22:09
expectations you can pause the video
22:12
here if you need more time all right
22:14
let's walk through this together the
22:17
correct choice is B agile Up is a hybrid
22:20
agile framework that combines the
22:22
structure of the unified process with
22:24
distinct phases like inception
22:26
elaboration construction and transition
22:29
with agile values like adaptability and
22:31
iterative delivery it supports just
22:33
enough documentation which satisfies
22:36
compliance and governance without
22:37
compromising agility this makes it ideal
22:40
for environments that need both
22:41
structure and flexibility choice A is
22:44
incorrect while agile values working
22:47
software over documentation completely
22:50
dismissing documentation especially in a
22:52
regulated or enterprise environment is
22:54
inappropriate choice C is incorrect
22:58
deferring documentation until the end of
23:00
the project ignores agile principles of
23:03
early and continuous feedback and puts
23:05
governance at risk agile Up encourages
23:08
documentation throughout the process
23:10
tailored to actual needs choice D is
23:13
incorrect switching to a traditional
23:15
model undermines the benefits of Agile
23:17
Up which was specifically chosen to
23:19
balance structure and agility changing
23:21
methodologies midstream can lead to
23:24
confusion disruption and reduce
23:25
stakeholder confidence before we wrap up
23:28
let's quickly review what we covered
23:31
scrum uses sprint-based delivery with
23:32
defined roles and key artifacts like
23:35
product backlog sprint backlog and
23:37
increment conbon uses visual workflow
23:40
management with continuous delivery and
23:42
work in progress limits
23:45
extreme programming emphasizes software
23:48
engineering excellence through practices
23:50
such as test-driven development and
23:52
continuous integration feature-driven
23:55
development is a feature- focused
23:57
framework suited for larger more
23:59
structured teams dynamic systems
24:02
development method combines agile
24:03
flexibility with project governance and
24:05
time boxing agile is a structured
24:08
phase-based agile approach designed for
24:10
hybrid environments that blend
24:12
predictive and adaptive practices each
24:14
of these frameworks has its place your
24:17
ability to recognize their differences
24:18
and apply them to project scenarios is a
24:21
valuable asset especially on the PMP
24:23
exam if you found this video helpful
24:25
please give it a thumbs up it helps
24:27
support the channel and lets us know
24:28
what content you want more of let us
24:31
know in the comment below if you want a
24:33
similar video for the scaled agile
24:34
frameworks and if you're preparing for
24:37
the PMP exam don't forget to subscribe
24:40
for more exam focused videos and visit
24:42
our website at pmasprint.com
24:45
for additional project management
24:47
resources
24:48
thanks for watching and I will see you
24:50
in the next video